SCIENCE NOTES

FORCE

• A FORCE IS A PUSH OR A PULL

• WHEN AN OBJECT IS PUSHED OR PULLED, FORCE IS EXERTED ON IT.

• WE CANNOT SEE FORCE BUT WE CAN OBSERVE THE EFFECT OF FORCE.

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EXAMPLE OF PUSHING AND PULLING ACTIVITIES

OPEN THE DOOR

STRECHING A RUBBER BEND

OPEN A BOTTLE

PUSH A STONE

PUSHING A TROLLEY

(resource from: google image)

EFFECTS OF FORCE

A FORCE IS ABLE TO:

1. CHANGE THE SHAPE AND SIZE OF AN OBJECT.
2. CHANGE THE SPEED OF A MOVING OBJECT.
3. CAUSE AN OBJECT TO MOVE OR STOP MOVING.
4. CHANGE THE POSITION OF AN OBJECT.
5. CHANGE THE DIRECTION OF A MOVING OBJECT.

(resource from: text book KPM science form 2)

NEWTON'S LAW

The Three Laws of Motion by Sir Isaac Newton explain all aspects of motion.

1.Newton's First Law describes motion produced by balanced forces.
- An object at rest will remain at rest, and a moving object will remain at a constant velocity unless unbalanced forces act on it.
- Newton was first to use the term inertia to describe the tendency of objects to remain in motion or stay at rest. Inertia comes from the Latin word iners, which means "lazy".


2. Newton's Second Law describes motion produced by unbalanced forces.
- This law is best stated using the equation:
Force = mass X acceleration
- Acceleration is always in the direction of the unbalanced force.
- The units of force are "Newtons".
1 N = 1 kg X 1 m/s/s

3. Newton's Third Law explains why forces act in pairs.
- For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
- Forces always act in pairs.

(resource from: http://www.middleschoolscience.com/)